电压门控离子通道的机械敏感性及其研究进展

摘要

In human physiological environment, living organisms or cells always experience a wide variety of mechanical stimuli, such as patch membrane stretch, shear stress, osmotic challenge or high frequency vibration and so on. From this phenomenon, we have gradually focused on the mechnosensitivity of organisms. In previous articles, mechanosensitivity of ion channels has been proved to exist in mechanosensitive channel (MSC), and nowadays more and more evidence has demonstrated that mechanosensitivity of voltage-gated channel (VGC) plays an important role in physiological and pathological process. In this review, on the basis of previous studies, we will elaborate on the mechanosensitivity and physiological functions of VGC.%在人体生理环境中,生物体或活细胞总是受到多种机械刺激的影响,如膜牵张力、渗透压或高频震动等.从这一现象中,学者们逐渐认识到机械敏感性对于机体的重要性.在以往的研究中,离子通道的敏感性主要存在于机械门控离子通道(MSC),如今越来越多的证据显示:机械敏感性在电压门控离子通道(VGC)中的表达,在生理和神经组织病理过程中也发挥着重要作用.本综述主要通过对前人研究的回顾,对VGC机械敏感性的表现、机制及其所涉及的生理作用作一阐述.