脑微出血(CMB)属于脑内微小血管病变,由于出血少,临床症状和体征不明显.CMB可发生于脑内任何部位,其分布可能与病因相关.一般认为CMB与高龄、高血压、血压变异性、高脂血症、脑白质病变及基因突变等危险因素有关.研究认为CMB与病人认知功能障碍、抑郁障碍、肾功能障碍及病人体质虚弱的状态等有关.由于CMB能够反映微小血管的出血倾向,是脑出血风险增加的一个标志.重视脑内CMB的存在,有助于对缺血性脑卒中病人选择合适的治疗方案.%Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) is a kind of cerebral microvascular disease. Because of tiny bleeding, clinical symptoms and signs are not obvious. CMB may occur in any part of brain, and its distribution may be related to the etiology. CMB is generally associated with risk factors, such as advanced age, hypertension, blood pressure variability, hyperlipidemia, white matter lesions, and genetic mutations. CMB is associated with cognitive impairment, depressive disorder, renal dysfunction, and physical weakness. Because CMB can reflect the bleeding tendency of small vessels, it is a sign of increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage. Paying attention to the existence of CMB in the brain can help to select the appropriate treatment for the patients with ischemic stroke.
展开▼
