季节和气象因素对青海高原地区卒中发病的影响

摘要

目的 探讨季节和气象因素对青海高原地区卒中发病的影响.方法 回顾性纳入青海省人民医院2011年12月1日至2016年11月30日期间收治的卒中患者,利用青海气象局提供的气象资料,分析青海地区不同季节发病例数分布以及发病情况与高原气象因素之间的关系.结果 总共纳入9 412例卒中患者,发病年龄15～95岁.不同季节缺血性卒中、脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血患者构成比均差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).其中,缺血性卒中患者构成比随着春夏秋冬的更替有先增高再逐渐下降的趋势,而脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血则表现为先下降后逐渐上升的趋势.不同相对湿度、气温和温差区段内卒中患者构成比均差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 高原地区卒中发病存在季节差异,可能与高原气象因素的影响相关.%Objective To investigate the effect of seasonal and meteorological factors on the onset of stroke in Qinghai Plateau area.Methods Patients with stroke admitted to Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from December 1,2011 to November 30,2016 were enrolled retrospectively.The meteorological data provided by Qinghai Meteorological Bureau were used to analyze the distribution of the number of cases in different seasons in Qinghai area and the relationship between the incidence of stroke and plateau meteorological factors.Results A total of 9 412 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,aged 15～95 years.There were significant statistical differences in the number of cases of ischemic stroke,cerebral hemorrhage,and subarachnoid hemorrhage in different seasons (all P ＜ 0.05).Among them,the number of cases with ischemic stroke increased first and then gradually decreased with the changes of spring,summer,fall and winter,while cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing gradually.There were significant differences in the number of cases in different relative humidity,temperature,and temperature differences (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There are seasonal differences in the incidence of stroke in the plateau area,which may be associated with the influence of plateau meteorological factors.