AIM:To investigate changes of retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) thickness and macular retinal thickness in patients with early diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) and disclose the changing trends of RNFL thickness and macular retinal thickness in different stages of early DR. METHODS:It was a clinical case control study. Through selecting 60 patients ( 120 eyes ) with early DR diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were divided into non - diabetic retinopathy (NDR) group (20 cases, 40 eyes) and mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (20 cases, 40eyes), moderate NPDR group (20 cases, 40 eyes) . Twenty normal patients ( 40 eyes ) were enrolled as control group. The RNFL thickness of optical nerve ( with circle scan round optic nerve head, scan diameter of 3. 45mm) and the retinal thickness of macular ( around center point with 1000μm diameter ) were measured by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) , to compare the RNFL thickness changes of the control and early DR patients. RESULTS:Compared with the control group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the inferior quadrant was descended obviously in NDR group ( P 0.05). In mild NPDR group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the mean and inferior quadrant was significantly descended than that in the NDR group. In moderate NPDR group, the RNFL thickness of optical disc in the mean, superior and inferior quadrant was statistical significance descended than that in the NDR group ( P 0.05),轻度NPDR组视盘周围平均值、下象限 RNFL 厚度差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)；中度 NPDR 组视盘周围平均值、上象限、下象限RNFL厚度下降差异均有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 NPDR组,NDR组和对照组三组比较各象限 RNFL 厚度下降；NDR组、轻度NPDR与中度NPDR组相比,黄斑部视网膜厚度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),后者视网膜厚度逐渐增加。 结论：在早期糖尿病视网膜病变,视盘周围RNFL厚度随病变程度逐渐降低,而黄斑部视网膜厚度却逐渐增加, OCT能定性、定量地观察早期糖尿病视网膜病变的程度。
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