中国明对虾自然死亡研究进展

摘要

自然死亡是影响中国明对虾资源群体数量变动的重要因素之一.大量的研究表明 ,"传统的"自然死亡与交尾死亡是构成野生群体自然死亡的主要因素 ,而对放流群体 ,突然死亡、被捕食死亡、纳潮死亡和非法捕捞死亡作为"特殊的"自然死亡同样影响放流群体的数量.就放流群体而言 ,迫切需要寻找适合中国明对虾自然死亡系数估算的方法 ,以及开展放流后至开捕前群体自然死亡规律的研究.%The instantaneous rate of natural mortality (M ) is one of the most important factors in de-termining the population dynamic of Fenneropenaeus chinensis .The previous reports show that the natural mortality of wild Chinese shrimp population consist of traditional natural and mating mortali-ty ,and to stocking Chinese shrimp population ,the natural mortality is also made up of four death fac-tors besides above mentioned two factors ,i .e .environment change ,predation ,intake sea water and ille-gal fishing ,they were shown to have similar influence on stocking Chinese shrimp biomass .On the base of analysis ,finding the competent the method to estimate the natural mortality and developing the research on the population dynamic of stocking Chinese shrimp before fishing are important .