严寒地区被动式超低能耗住宅冬季室内环境研究

摘要

对严寒地区某被动式超低能耗住宅(简称被动房)的室内热环境、室内空气品质、噪声等环境参数进行了现场测试.结果表明:被动房的室内空气平均温度为25.5℃,平均相对湿度为31.3％,满足德国被动房标准的要求,室温高于相关热舒适标准的上限值,建议降低辐射供暖系统的供水温度;外墙和外窗内表面平均温度分别为23.4℃和21.6℃,提高了室内人体实感温度,降低了冷辐射的影响;平均每户的新风量为96.9 m3/h,满足德国被动房标准的要求;CO2平均体积分数为732×10-6,低于我国标准限值(1 000×10-6);PM10平均质量浓度为0.112mg/m3,低于我国标准限值,但高于德国被动房标准值;PM2.5浓度略超出我国标准限值,但比德国标准值高2.68倍,建议定期更换过滤器或者增设亚高效过滤器;A声级噪声平均值为31.8 dB,满足我国技术导则的要求,但不满足德国被动房标准要求.%Tests the indoor thermal environment,indoor air quality and noise of a passive low energy residential building.The results show that the mean indoor air temperature is 25.5 ℃,and the mean relative humidity is 31.3％,which meet the German passive house standard,but the room temperature is higher than the upper limit of the relevant thermal comfort standards,so suggests decreasing the supply water temperature of a radiant heating system to achieve an appropriate indoor temperature.The mean temperatures of the exterior wall and window are 23.4 ℃ and 21.6 ℃,respectively,which increase the indoor operative temperature and reduce the cold radiation effect on human.The average outdoor air rate per household is 96.9 m3/h,which meets the German passive house standard.Mean CO2 concentration is 732×10-6,lower than the requirement limit of 1 000 × 10-6 in Chinese national standard.Mean mass concentration of PM10 is 0.112 mg/m3,lower than the limit of Chinese national standard,but higher than that of German passive house standard.PM2.5 concentration is slightly higher than the Chinese standard value,however it is 2.68 times higher than that of German standard.Recommends to replace the filter periodically and add a sub-HEPA filter.Mean A-sound level noise is 31.8 dB,meeting the requirement of Chinese standard and higher than that of German passive house standard.