饲用高粱4个主要株型性状的遗传分析

摘要

为筛选出饲用高粱稳定遗传的株型性状, 以从美国引进的饲用高粱引-251和国内粒用高粱忻梁52为亲本, 杂交构建F2遗传群体作为试验材料, 利用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析法对F2高粱旗叶叶鞘长、叶片数、旗叶叶面积和茎粗4个主要株型性状进行遗传分析.结果表明:饲用高粱的旗叶叶鞘长遗传符合Model B-1模型, 即加性-显性-上位性的混合遗传模型, 主基因遗传率为49.38％;叶片数遗传符合Model B-1模型, 即加性-显性-上位性的混合遗传模型, 主基因遗传率为68.12％;旗叶叶面积遗传符合Model B-2模型, 即加性-显性混合遗传模型, 主基因遗传率为69.46％;茎粗遗传符合Model B-6模型, 即为等显性遗传模型, 主基因遗传率为86.89％.其中, 叶片数、旗叶叶面积、茎粗作为饲用高粱株型的重要组成因子, 表现出较高的遗传率.%Four main plant-type traits (sheath length of flag leaf, leaf number, flag leaf area and stem diameter) of F2 population from Y-251 XL52 combination were genetically analyzed by using the major gene+ polygene mixed inheritance model to screen the stable genetic plant-type trait of forage sorghum.Result:The inheritance of sheath length of flag leaf accords with Model B-1 (the additive-dominanceepistasis mixed inheritance model) and the major gene heritability is 49.38％.The inheritance of leaf number accords with Model B-1 (the additive-dominance-epistasis mixed inheritance model) and major gene inheritability is 68.12％.The inheritance of flag leaf area accords with Model B-2 (the additive-dominance mixed inheritance model) and major gene inheritability is 69.46％.The inheritance of stem diameter accords with Model B-6 (the dominance inheritance model) and major gene inheritability is 86.89％.The important components of leaf number, flag leaf area and stem diameter in plant-type trait of forage sorghum are of a higher inheritability