抗倒伏水稻新品种选育综合定量鉴定技术

摘要

The lodging resistance and comprehensive performance of 16 new rice varieties (lines) and 4 check varieties were analyzed by the comprehensive quantitative identification technique to speed up breeding of new rice varieties with lodging resistance and solve lodging problem in rice production.Results:There are greater differences in stem traits and lodging index among 16 new rice varieties (lines)and 4 check varieties.The lodging index,comprehensive rice blast resistance index,yield and chalky rice rate of Line 15-89 are 12.8,2.5,12 675 kg/hm2 and 20％ respectively.Line 15-89 with strong lodging resistance,good disease resistance,high yield and excellent rice quality should be recommended to participate in variety assessment test.2) The comprehensive quantitative identification technique quantities the assessment indexes of basic agronomic traits and lodging resistance and eliminates artificial subjective error in breeding of new rice varieties with lodging resistance.In conclusion,the comprehensive quantitative identification technique can be used in breeding and introduction identification of new rice varieties with lodging resistance.%为加快抗倒伏水稻新品种培育和解决稻作生产的倒伏问题,采用水稻综合定量鉴定技术,对16个水稻新品系和4个对照品种进行抗倒伏比较试验,定量鉴定参试品系综合表现.结果表明:1) 16个新品系和4个对照品种的茎秆性状和倒伏指数均存在较大的变异,其中品系15-89倒伏指数为12.8,稻瘟病综合抗性指数为2.5,产量为12 675 kg/hm2,垩白米率为20％,在各品系和对照品种中综合排名第1,是抗倒性强、抗病好、产量高、米质佳的优异品系,可推荐参加品种审定试验.2)抗倒伏水稻新品种综合定量鉴定技术量化了水稻基本农艺性状及抗倒性能的评价指标,排除人为主观误差,可用于抗倒伏水稻新品种选育和引种鉴定.