大规模填海工程对钦州湾水动力环境的影响

摘要

[Objective]The changes of hydrodynamic environment of Qinzhou bay caused by large-scale reclamation were studied.[Methods]A two-dimensional current mathematical model is set up and validated by the measured hydrological data of 2007 and 2009.This model reveals better to simulate the current movement of Qinzhou Bay.Furthermore,the hydrodynamic chan-ges are calculated and analyzed after large-scale reclamation from 2008 to 2012 in Qinzhou Bay,[Results]The current speed in east waterway of Qinzhou Bay and Jingu River has decreased, which is caused by dredging,and the maximum decrement is about 0.145m/s.The construction of Sandun Road has led to obviously decreasing the current speed of its west side,and the maxi-mum decrement is about 0.224m/s, but at its east side, current speed significantly increases, and the maximum increment is up to 0.322m/s.[Conclusion]In 2012,the water volume of Qinzhou Bay has reduced 2.21% compared with that in 2008 caused by large-scale reclamation. Seawater exchange capacity has also been weakened,and the maximum seawater half-exchange cycle has increased 0.56d.%【目的】研究钦州湾大规模填海工程导致的水动力环境变化。【方法】构建一个平面二维潮流数学模型，并利用2007年与2009年实测水文资料对模型进行验证，模型较好地模拟了钦州湾的潮流运动规律。进一步计算分析了2008～2012年钦州湾大规模填海建设前后水动力变化状况。【结果】结果显示：钦州湾东航道、金鼓江航道浚深导致航道内流速减小，最大减小量约0．145m/s；三墩公路建设导致其西侧流速明显缩小，最大减小量约0．224m/s，而其东侧流速显著增大，增量最大达0．322m/s。【结论】大规模填海工程导致钦州湾2012年水体体积比2008年缩小约2．21％；钦州湾水交换能力变弱，海水半交换周期最大增加0．56d。