先天性唇裂患儿术后不同喂养方式的护理效果分析

摘要

目的：探讨不同喂养方式对先天性唇裂患儿术后并发症发生率及家属满意度的影响。方法选取90例1岁以内先天性Ⅰ度和Ⅱ度唇裂患儿，随机分为对照组和观察组，各45例。对照组术后按照常规改用汤匙喂养方式，观察组术后不改变患儿既往喂养方式，维持原奶嘴喂养或母乳喂养。比较2组患儿喂养后的伤口感染率、伤口裂开率，调查患儿喂养过程中哭闹情况及家长的满意度，并进行比较。结果观察组患儿术后的伤口感染率、伤口裂开率分别为2.2%、0，对照组分别为4.4%、0，以上2项指标的2组差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组术后哭闹的患儿少于对照组，观察组患儿对喂养的配合度、家长满意度、认可度分别为84.4%、88.9%、93.3%，对照组分别为55.6%、60.0%、66.7%，观察组均优于对照组，组间差异具有统计学意义（c2配合度=8.94、c2满意度=9.87、c2认可度=10.00，P<0.05）。结论对1岁以内先天性Ⅰ度和Ⅱ度唇裂患儿术后不改变既往喂养方式，较常规改用汤匙喂养，更能满足患儿喂养流质饮食的需要，减少患儿的哭闹，得到家长的认可及减轻家长的负担。%Objective To investigate the influence of different feeding ways on the incidence rate of complication in patients with congenital cleft lip and their family satisfaction degree. Methods A retrospective analysis were con⁃ducted from 90 cases underwent surgery of congenital cleft lip with clinical data, were randomly assigned to the control group and the observation group, 45 cases in each. The control group routinely take spoon feeding way after surgery, whereas patients in the observation group does not change the feeding way in the past, continuely taking the nipple feed⁃ing or breastfeeding. Wound infection rate, wound rupture rate, crying in the process of feeding and parents' satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The wound infection rate and wound rate of the observation group were 2.2% and 0 respectively, the control group were 4.4% and 0 respectively. There was no significant difference be⁃tween the 2 groups in the 2 index (P > 0.05). In the observation group, the crying children were less than the control group, In the observation group, the degree of coordination, parental satisfaction and acceptance of feeding were 84.4%, 88.9%, 93.3%, respectively, the control group were 55.6%, 60.0%, 66.7%. The observation group were better than the control group. The differences between groups was statistically significant (c2 co rdination degre = 8.94, c2satisfaction degre = 9.87, c2recognition degre =10.00, P<0.05). Conclusion Children under the age of 1 with congenital grade ⅠandⅡcleft lip do not change the way of feeding after surgery , who continue to take the bottle or breastfeeding can better meet the needs of children fed liquid diet, crying reduce, get parents' recogniton and reduce the burden on parents than the control group conventionally fed with a spoon.