欧洲聚变能组织参与实施ITER计划的组织与管理经验

摘要

F4E (Fusion for Energy) is the European Joint Undertaking for ITER and the Development of Fusion Energy, established by the European Commission in 2007 for participating in the implementation of ITER. This paper analyzed the main reforms of F4E since its establishment, discussed the structure and characteristics of its organization, which constitutes the management committee, executive committee, technology consulting committee and F4E director. The author introduced the progress of the procurement of the components for ITER implemented by F4E, and studied the implementation mechanism of the procurement. Principles and regulations taken by F4E include:orienting the global based on the Europe;following the principle of transparent, impartial and equal treatment without discrimination; promoting transfer of technology achievements; encouraging enterprises with different scales for participation, etc. Based on the above, the author puts forward some viewpoints for our country participating in the implementation of ITER by seizing the opportunity of procurement of the components for ITER.%欧洲聚变能组织（F4E）成立于2007年，是欧盟委员会为参与实施国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）计划而成立的欧洲执行机构。自成立以来，F4E经历了一系列改革，管理结构不断完善，目前的管理架构由管理委员会、执行委员会、技术咨询委员会和欧洲聚变能组织主任组成。F4E通过合同发包形式对ITER项目实施研发资助和实物采购，其采取的政策是：立足欧洲，面向世界；遵循透明、公正、平等对待和无歧视性原则；促进技术成果转移；鼓励不同规模的企业参与；对于研发资助合同，采取共同资助策略。借鉴欧盟实施ITER的经验，我国参与实施ITER计划应以ITER采购为契机，推动企业提高自主创新能力；应妥善处理知识产权问题。