波兰转型过程中收入不平等的演进、发展趋向及启示

摘要

In the process of transition,the change of the income inequality of Poland has experienced the evolution that a sharp deterioration of inequality under the implementation of “shock therapy”, then a slowly rising inequality by Left government’s adjustment and a flat growing inequality under the influence of the financial crisis. Entering the new century, Before accession of the EU Poland income inequality is on the rise, after the accession the polish income inequality is going on a slowly downward trend.%收入不平等曾是导致波兰转型的直接动因之一，而不平等的上升也是波兰转型的代价。转型大背景下，受国内外各种因素的影响，20多年来波兰收入不平等的变化经历了转型之初“休克疗法”实施后不平等的急剧恶化、左翼政府“波兰战略”调整后不平等上升趋缓以及金融危机影响下20世纪90年代最后几年不平等平缓增长的起伏变化；进入21世纪，加入欧盟前波兰收入不平等呈上升趋势，入盟后保持缓慢且持续下降的发展趋向。概览波兰转型过程中收入不平等变化演进趋势并进行宏观环境和政策分析，可以为转型国家应对收入不平等问题提供借鉴和启示。