1 Project profile The Qinghai–Tibet Railway(Fig.1),which extends from Golmud to Lhasa,has a total length of 1142 km.A 960 km section of its total length is over 4000 m above sea level,and the highest point on Tanggula Mountains is 5072 m above sea level.This railway is known as the“Heavenly Road”and the highest and longest highland railway in the world.The project began on June 29,2001,and the railway operated on July 1,2006,with a total investment of 33.09 billion yuan.The frail ecology environment with severe high-altitude anoxia and widespread permafrost was the primary challenge to the construction of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway.A vast number of railway construction personnel achieved technological breakthroughs and innovations.In 2008,the Qinghai–Tibet Railway project won the National Science&Technology Progress Award(special).
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