河川沙塘鳢、鸭绿沙塘鳢及其杂交子代的微卫星分析

摘要

Genetic relationship of Odontobutis potamophila (♀) , O.yaluensis (♂) and their hybrid progeny were ana-lyzed using fifteen microsatellite loci to amplify the genomic DNA .The result showed: (1) thirteen pairs of primers gave clear bands in 3 poputionlations; OP215a and OP110 were showed monomorphism in O.yaluensis; (2)The average of pol-ymorphism information contents ( PIC) values in three populations were 0.645 0 , 0.537 5 , 0.518 3; the average of effec-tive number of alleles ( Ne) was 4.297 7 , 3.618 8 , 2.779 3; the average of observed heterozygosity ( He) was 0.633 4 , 0.592 0, 0.629 0; (3) Genetic differentiation between the parents was significant .Hybridization between O.potamophila and O.yaluensis was feasible .The inherited character between parents and hybrid follows the Mendelian inheritance rule and they were indeed hybrids in genetic material.(4)The hybrid progeny has a genetic distance of 1.0036 and 0.8361 from O.potamophila and O.yaluensis separately.The former was farther than the later , which showed that ngbrid progeng has an unequal heredity difference from its parents and a genetic inclination to its paternity.This was also supported by UPGMA.%使用15对微卫星引物对河川沙塘鳢（ Odontobutis potamophila，♀）、鸭绿沙塘鳢（ O.yaluensis，♂）及其河川沙塘鳢（♀）×鸭绿沙塘鳢（♂）杂交子代3个群体进行扩增，研究3个群体的分子遗传机制，结果表明：（1）15对微卫星引物中OP215 a和OP110 a在鸭绿沙塘鳢中呈现单态性，其余的13对在3个群体中均能良好扩增；OP10a、 OP23a和OP46a可鉴别河川沙塘鳢、鸭绿沙塘鳢及杂交子代3个群体。（2）3个群体的平均多态信息（ PIC）含量分别为0.6450、0.5375、0.5183；平均有效等位基因数（ Ne）分别为4.2977、3.6188、2.7793；平均观测杂合度（Ho）分别为0.6334、0.5920、0.6290。（3）双亲遗传分化显著，等位基因均来自亲本群体，基本符合孟德尔遗传定律，推断杂交子代为两性融合生殖，是真正意义上的杂交种。（4）杂交子代与河川沙塘鳢和鸭绿沙塘鳢的遗传距离分别为1.0036、0.8361，前者大于后者，表明杂交子代与两亲本的遗传差异是不对等的，而是偏向父本一方，系统进化树也支持这一观点。