基于人类可持续发展指数(HSDI)的环渤海地区人类-环境系统可持续性评价

摘要

环境问题日益成为社会关注的热点问题,环渤海地区经济的飞速发展给该地区人类-环境系统带来了巨大的压力,追求社会、经济、环境的全面协调可持续发展逐渐成为该地区的迫切需要.本文基于"人类可持续发展指数"(Human Sustainable Development Index, HSDI)在环渤海地区地市级尺度上全面评价了该地区2003-2012年人类-环境系统发展的可持续性.研究结果显示,2012年环渤海地区人类-环境系统的可持续性评价为中高水平,总体上呈现出京津地区高,山东半岛和辽东半岛偏低的空间格局.2003-2012年环渤海地区人类-环境系统的可持续性表现为增长趋势,该地区HSDI从2003年的0.64增加到2012年的0.83,增加了0.19,增长率达到了29.69%.HSDI指标中不同维度的可持续性指标变化过程也不一致,经济和社会的可持续性指标呈现增长趋势,而环境可持续性指标呈现下降趋势.不同的区域可持续性动态变化也存在差异,三省可持续增长速度要快于京津地区.由此可得,环渤海地区人类-环境系统的可持续性的空间格局与动态变化都不协调,需要进一步加强生态环境保护以实现环渤海地区经济、社会与环境可持续性的协调全面发展.%Environmental issues are increasingly becoming a hot issue of social concern. Bohai Rim 's human-environment system is threatened by the rapid growth in the economy. The pursuit of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of society, economy and environment become the consensus of the whole society. This paper systematically assessed the human-environment system sustainability in Bohai Rim from 2003 to 2012 at the municipal scale, using the Human Sustainable Development Index .The results showed that the sustainability of hu-man-environment system in Bohai Rim was in the upper-middle level in 2012, with low values in the Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula and a high value in the Beijing-Tianjin region. From 2003 to 2012, the human-environment system sustainability in Bohai Rim increased obviously. HSDI increased from 0.64 in 2003 to 0.83 in 2012, increased by 0.19 or 29.69%. The sustainability indicators of different dimensions in HSDI changed differently. The economic sustainability indicator and social sustainability indicator both raised, while the environmental sustain-ability indicator decreased. The regional difference existed in the changes of sustainability in Bohai Rim, the sustain-ability in three provinces grew faster than that in the Beijing-Tianjin region. From the perspectives of spatial patterns and dynamic changes, the human-environment system sustainability in Bohai Rim was unharmonious, so we should further enhance the construction of ecological civilization to improve the sustainability of society, economy and envi-ronment comprehensively.