唐山地区母乳中营养成分分析

摘要

对母乳中19种营养成分的含量进行研究.收集河北省唐山40位乳母的母乳样本,对40个样本中的蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖、维生素、矿物元素等营养素含量进行测试,计算营养素的平均含量.结果表明:母乳中蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖在0~180 d的平均含量为(1.58±0.43)、(4.22±1.42)、(6.84±0.44)g/100 mL,脂肪占总能量偏高(51.58 %);维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素PP、维生素C的平均含量为(4.09±3.12)μg/100 mL、(19.39±13.04)μg/100 mL、(123.90±63.36)μg/100 mL、(2.10±0.91)mg/100 mL;牛磺酸的平均含量为(4.09±2.05)mg/100 mL;常量矿物元素K、Na、Ca、Mg、P的平均含量为(15.67±10.94)、(24.05±20.41)、(28.40±5.33)、(2.75±0.84)、(15.20±2.74)mg/100 mL;微量矿物元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的平均含量为(34.02±36.87)、(102.29±149.90)、(96.94±90.44)、(7.07±4.55)μg/100 mL.唐山地区母乳中的蛋白质、脂肪平均含量较高,能够满足婴儿需要,一些维生素和矿物元素平均含量偏低,并且个体差异明显.%To investigate the nutritional ingredient content of human milk.Human milk samples were collected from 40 lactating women living in Tangshan county of Hebei province. Contents of protein, fat, lactose, vitamins,mineral elements in human milk were measured.And averages of nutriment were calculated.Results showed that:average of protein,fat and lactose of human milk in 0~180 d were(1.58±0.43),(4.22±1.42), (6.84±0.44)g/100 mL,and the fat energy ratio reached 51.58 %.Average of vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin PP and vitamin C were(4.09±3.12)μg/100 mL,(19.39±13.04)μg/100 mL,(123.90±63.36)μg/100 mL, (2.10 ±0.91)mg/100 mL. Average of taurine was(4.09 ±2.05)mg/100 mL. Average of the macro-element including K,Na,Ca,Mg and P were(15.67±10.94),(24.05±20.41),(28.40±5.33),(2.75±0.84),(15.20± 2.74)mg/100 mL.Average of the microelement including Cu,Zn,Fe and Mn were(34.02±36.87),(102.29± 149.90),(96.94±90.44),(7.07±4.55)μg/100 mL.Average of human milk's protein and fat were much higher in Tangshan county than other county.There was vitamins and mineral elements deficiency and obvious individ-ual difference in human milk.