红阳猕猴桃中葡萄座腔菌的生物学特性及致病性研究

摘要

Objects: In order to understand the biological characteristics of Botryosphaeria parva causing soft rot of 'Hongy-ang'kiwifruit.Methods:The mycelial structure was observed by op-tical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The growth curve was established with dry cell weight.Multiple methods could be induced to sporulate.The optimum growth condition of Botryo-sphaeria parva,and its relationship between lethal temperature and lethal time,as well as its pathogenicity in other fruits were studied. Results:There were branching,diaphragm and intact cell for the mycelium of Botryosphaeria parva.The growth curve of Botryo-sphaeria parva was divided into three periods,including lag phase (0~3 6 h),logarithmic phase(3 6~9 6 h)and stationary phase(9 6~168 h).The pathogen did not produce spores.Botryosphaeria parva grew well in 30 ℃,pH 6,glucose,and beef extract.Botryosphaeria parva was not sensitive to illumination.Botryosphaeria parva was died of 42 ℃ for 10min or 43 ℃ for 5 min.The 10 kinds of fruits could be contaminated by Botryosphaeria parva through a wound.%为全面了解引起红阳猕猴桃软腐病的致病菌葡萄座腔菌的生物学特性,采用光学显微镜、透射电镜观察致病菌菌丝结构,用干重法绘制致病菌的生长曲线,多种方式诱导致病菌产孢,探究其最适生长条件、致死温度和时间,及病原菌致病性.结果表明:葡萄座腔菌的菌丝呈分枝状、内含隔膜,具有完整的细胞结构;生长曲线分为3个时期,延滞期(0~36 h)、对数期(36~96 h)、稳定期(96~168 h);经多种方式诱导该菌均不产分生孢子;最适生长条件为:生长温度30 ℃,pH 6,以葡萄糖为碳源,牛肉膏为氮源,对光照条件不敏感;菌丝致死条件为42 ℃处理10 min或43 ℃处理5 min;10种供试水果均可通过伤口感染而发病.