为提高油莎豆油提取率和油品品质，以油莎豆为原料，以油莎豆油提取率及理化性质为指标，借助气相色谱／质谱联用仪（GC-MS），比较分析溶剂法、水酶法、水酶法-冻融耦合技术3种提油方法的效果。并通过单因素试验和正交试验，优化了水酶法一冻融耦合技术提取油莎豆油的工艺。结果表-明，采用碱性蛋白酶和纤维素酶复合酶，水酶法提取的最佳工艺参数为：料液比1：7（g：mL），酶添加量2．5％，酶解温度70℃，酶解时间6h，然后经-30℃冷冻、室温融解、4000r／min离心分离20min，在此提取条件下，油莎豆油提油率达74．92％，比单纯水酶法高，而且油脂品质较优。%In order to improve the extraction efficiency and quality of Cyperus esculentus oil , three kind of oil ex- traction techniques such as solvent method, aqueous-enzyme method and aqueous-enzyme and freeze-thaw coupling technique were compared using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with oil-extraction rate and physical- chemical properties as index. A new preparation technology of Cyperus esculentus oil was developed using aqueous-en- zyme and freeze-thaw coupling technique. The technological parameters of aqueous-enzyme and freeze-thaw coupling technique were optimized through single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The results showed that the most appro- priate conditions in the process of enzymolysis were as follows: alkali protease and cellulose enzyme composite enzyme were adopted, ratio of material to solvent was 1: 7, enzyme amount was 2.5% of dried Cyperus esculentus powder weight, temperature was 70℃ and enzymolysis time was 4h, then it was frozen at -30℃, molten at room temperature, centrifu- galized at 4 000r/min for 20min. Under these conditions, the oil extraction rate was up to 74.92% , which was higher than aqueous-enzyme method. The quality of oil obtained by aqueous-enzyme and freeze-thaw coupling technique was the best. The aqueous-enzyme and freeze-thaw coupling technique was regarded as the ideal extraction process of Cype- rus esculentus oil. This paper can offer some reference for industrial production of Cyperus esculentus oil.
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