最佳水产养殖规范(BAP)认证及其在中国的发展

摘要

最佳水产养殖规范(BAP)秉承可持续发展的理念,被国际认证组织作为一种新的认证标准走进水产业并逐渐受到人们的重视.该认证主要针对一些水产养殖企业或基地的重要水产养殖品种的育苗、养殖和食品加工以及流通等过程,按照特定的标准对企业进行认证.目前已经形成了对虾、罗非鱼、斑点叉尾鮰、越南鲶鱼和鲑鱼的标准.本文主要以凡纳滨对虾和罗非鱼产业为例,介绍BAP和BAP认证的内容、认证程序、在中国和世界的发展趋势,以及对我国水产养殖业可能产生的影响.%With the prosperous development of world aquaculture together with the significance of certificates and standards on aquaculture industry, "Best Aquaculture Practice, BAP" was raised and well known to aquaculturists with its core idea of sustaining development. As a NGO, Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA)has been framing and advocating the "best aquaculture practice" certificate, which aims at the hatcheries,farms, processors, feed mills and repacking plants worldwide for several commercially important species. Up to now, BAP standards for shrimp, tilapia, catfish, pangasius and salmon have been published online.Hundreds of plants in the world and dozens of plants in China have been issued with the Best Aquaculture Practice Certificate. However, BAP to be advocated as international standards of seafood may become a new trade barrier especially for small enterprises. In this paper, the origin of BAP, BAP certificate as well as its possible impacts on aquaculture in China has been presented taking shrimp and tilapia industry as examples.