生物絮凝技术在罗非鱼养殖中的应用

摘要

Application of Biofloc Technology ( BFT) in aquaculture can increase utilization rate of feed protein and reduce aquaculture water emission, which is considered as one of effective alternative technologies to solve issues between environmental and feed cost that intensive aquaculture industry faces. Tilapia is one of important freshwater aquaculture species in China. Farming tilapia with BFT has been studied and promoted by aquaculture operators at home and abroad. It has been applied in tilapia grow-out, over-wintering, breeding and polyculture practices and great effects have been achieved. Based on the published references, this paper concludes formation conditions and nutritional components of bioflocs in aquaculture systems, notes need to be considered in practices are put forward. It also analyzes the feasibility and necessity to farm tilapias with BFT and outlines the status quo of research and practice. Additionally, future researches are also prospected, aiming at providing references for BFT application and tilapia healthy farming.%在水产养殖中应用生物絮凝技术（Biofloc Technology，BFT），可以提高饲料蛋白的利用率，降低养殖用水排放量，被认为是解决集约化养殖所面临问题的有效替代技术之一。罗非鱼是我国淡水养殖的重要品种之一。国内外对BFT养殖罗非鱼进行了大量的研究和推广，已经在罗非鱼养成、越冬、繁育、混养等方面有所应用，并取得了较好的效果。本文根据已发表的相关文献，总结了水产养殖系统中生物絮体的形成条件、营养组成，提出了实际生产中应用BFT的注意事项；分析了BFT养殖罗非鱼的可行性、必要性，并概述了BFT养殖罗非鱼的研究和实践现状；同时，对今后的研究进行了展望。