活化炉渣作为生物滤料在循环式海水工厂化养殖中的应用

摘要

为筛选适合于海水循环水养殖系统的高效价廉的生物滤料，研究了炉渣的活化方法，比较了活化炉渣与其它生物滤料在氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮处理效率上的差异，测定了活化炉渣生物包处理氨氮的速率，并在循环式海水工厂化养殖系统中检测了以活化炉渣填充的生物滤池去除营养盐的效果。结果显示，活化炉渣与常见生物滤料相比，在氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮处理效率上差异不显著（P＜0．05）；熟化的炉渣生物包处理氨氮的速率为4．21μg/（ h·m2）；以活化炉渣填充循环水养殖系统的生物滤池，经50 d熟化和处理后，养殖池内的氨氮浓度符合渔业水质标准。研究表明，活化炉渣是一种高效价廉的生物滤料，适合在循环式海水工厂化养殖中应用，但其发挥作用至少需要50 d的熟化。%To screen efficient and cheap biological substrate for marine recirculating aquaculture systems, in this paper, the modified method of cinder was studied, the removing efficiency of the ammonia and nitrite with modified cinder and other biological substrates were compared, and the treatment rate of ammonia with the maturated cinder package was determined as well. The removing efficiency of nutrient salts with bio-filter ponds containing modified cinder in marine recirculating aquaculture systems was also evaluated. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the removing efficiency of ammonia and nitrite( P<0.05) for modified cinder and other substrates. The treatment rate of ammonia by the maturated cinder package was 4. 21 μg/( h·m2 ) . When filling the bio-filter ponds in recirculating aquaculture systems with modified cinder, the concentrations of ammonia in culture ponds were comformed to the water quality standard for fisheries after 50 days maturation. Therefore, the modified cinder is an efficient and cheap biological substrate, and suitable for application in the marine recirculating aquaculture systems. However, at least 50 days maturation is necessary for its efficient working.