仿生超疏水金属表面应用研究进展

摘要

The theories of the wettability, the scientific importance and potential applications of superhydrophobic metallic surfaces were comprehensively introduced, which will extend the engineering applications of superhydrophobic metal-based materials in self-cleaning, drag reduction, water mini-conveyor, condensation control and anti-icing, anticorrosion, manipulation of droplets, oil/water separation, anti-biofouling, marine fouling and its prevention, and other fields. The corrosion resistance mechanism for the superhydrophobic surface on metal substrate in the corrosive environment was also suggested. It provides a reference basis for extension of superhydrophobicity in engineering application of industrial and civil works.%叙述了浸润性理论基础,较全面地介绍了超疏水金属表面在许多基础研究和工业应用领域所具有的重要理论意义和广阔的应用前景,包括自清洁、流体减阻、水上微型运输器、抗凝露、防冰覆、腐蚀与防护、液体传输、油水分离、生物污损及防除、海洋污损及防除等,并且提出超疏水金属表面的耐蚀机理,为拓展仿生超疏水金属材料在工业领域及民用部门的工程应用背景提供可以借鉴的依据.