西安黑河流域水体细菌群落分布调查与研究

摘要

In this paper, normal bacteria culture method is used to separate and identify the water and sediment samples for detection of the population distribution of bacteria in Hei River Basin of Xi'an City. The detection result is then compared with that before the reservoir buildup for analysis of the current status of microorganism distribution in the water body of Hei River. The results show that currently the total number of bacteria community in the water samples from Hei River is 310~800 cfu/mL, and that in the 3 3sediment samples is 20 × 10~1100 × 10 cfu/mL, with Aeromonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus as the dominant populations. However, Colibacillus existing in the water and opportunistic pathogen such as Achromobacter and Pseudomonas accounting for large proportion before the reservoir buildup are not detected out, indicating that the water source of Hei River has been protected in a good way by comprehensive control in the recent years. However, there is still a certain environmental risk from the microbiological point of view.%利用常规细菌培养方法进行分离鉴定，检测黑河流域水体和底泥中的细菌群落，并与水库建成前进行比较,以期对现阶段西安黑河水体微生物分布状况进行分析。结果表明：现阶段黑河水样中细菌群落总数为310~800 cfu/mL，底泥中33细菌群落总数为20×10~1100×10 cfu/mL，主要以气单胞菌属（ Aeromonas）、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和微球菌属(Micrococcas)为细菌优势菌群，水库建成前水体中存在的大肠杆菌和占较大比重的条件致病菌无色细菌属和假单胞菌属等此次都没有检测出，表明经过近年来的综合治理，黑河水源得到了较好的保护；但是从微生物角度仍然存在着一定的环境风险。