一种利用明亮发光杆菌快速测定石油污染土壤生物毒性的方法

摘要

在美国材料与实验协会(ASTM)固相样品发光菌毒性测试方法(D 5660-96)和我国<水质-急性毒性的测定-发光细菌法>(GB/T15441-1995)的基础上,通过正交试验和单因素实验建立了一种利用明亮发光杆菌快速测定石油污染土壤生物毒性的方法.所建方法前处理条件为土壤过20目筛、泥水比为1∶10、室温(18℃～25℃)振荡2h、静置或离心后再过滤,土壤样品平行样测试结果的相对偏差0.5%～12.1%,比ASTM提出的前处理方法减少了14h.采用上述快速前处理方法所测不同土壤生物毒性结果与ASTM方法所测结果无显著性差异.%Based on the Standard Test Method for Assessing the Microbial Detoxi cation of Chemically Contaminated Water and Soil Using a Toxicity Test with a Luminescent Marine Bacterium (D5660-96) promulgated by American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) and the Water Quality-Determination of the Acute Toxicity-Luminescent Bacteria Test (GB/T15441-1995),we developed a rapid method to determine petroleum-contaminated soil biotoxicity with Photobacterium Phosphoreum through the orthogonal test and single factor experiment. The pretreatment methods were obtained as follow: soil sieving of 20 meshes, the ratio of solid to liquid 1:10, oscillation time of 2 hours at room temperature, and standing or centrifuging and then filtering. The relative error of parallel soil samples was 0. 5％ ～ 12. 1％. The rapid pretreatment method saved 14 hours comparing with the pretreatment method of ASTM, and there was no significant difference between the two groups of biotoxic test results of this paper with those carried out through ASTM.