大气中NH3的光学监测技术研究进展

摘要

Ammonia, the third most important abundant nitrogen compound, is a primary alkaline gas in the atmosphere. As a neutralizer of acid pollutants, ammonia has been attracted research interest. The principle sources of NH, emission have been listed. Five Optical techniques of monitoring atmospheric NH3 currently were introduced in detail, including Photo-acoustic Spectroscopy ( PAS) , Quantum Cascade Stimulated Absorption Spectra ( QCLAS ) , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Tunable Semiconductor Laser Absorption Spectrum (TDLAS) and UV Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ( UV-DOAS) and at last, it revealed the advantages and disadvantages among the above 5 techniques, especially to their measurement difficulties for ammonia and application areas. The recent progresses, achievements and key results on the 5 field techniques in the past decade are also put forward.%NH3是大气中含量仅次于NO和N2的含氮化合物,也是大气中重要的碱性气体,作为酸性污染物的中和剂,NH3越来越受到人们的重视.文章介绍了大气NH3的主要农业和非农业排放来源,并详细介绍了近年来大气NH3的光谱测量技术(光声光谱技术,量子级联激光吸收光谱技术,傅里叶红外分析技术,可调谐半导体激光器吸收光谱技术以及紫外差分吸收光谱技术)及其进展,总结并分析了这些技术的技术要点、应用领域以及在最近10年对大气NH3的测量结果和研究热点.