提高炮采面块煤率的预裂松动延时爆破技术

摘要

根据爆炸应力波理论和爆生气体准静态理论，分别计算出裂隙区半径、临界抵抗线，为爆破参数(孔距和孔深)的设计提供理论依据。针对陈四楼煤矿三个炮采工作面的实际情况，通过对提高炮采工作面块煤率的预裂松动延时爆破技术参数进行理论分析和现场实验，以优化爆破参数和控制爆破块度，确定了软煤体、片帮和破碎顶板条件下的合理爆破参数，块煤率提高了6%~10%，单产增加18.8%，炸药单耗降低了5%~10%，节约了生产成本，取得了良好的经济效益。%Based on the theory of explosion stress wave and the quasi-static theory of detonation gas,the radius of crack zone and critical line of least resistance were calculated,respectively,providing theoretical basis for blasting parameters such as hole spacing and hole depth.In terms of the condition of three coalfaces in Chensilou coal mine,pre-splitting loose millisecond blas-ting technology was used to raise lump coal ratio of coalface,and it was studied by theoretic analysis and experiment in site.As a result,coal fragmentation was controlled by optimizing blasting parameters.The optimized blasting parameters suitable to the conditions of soft coal mass,side fall of coalface and broken roof were determined.The lump coal ratio was raised by 6%~8%,the production was increased 18.8% and the explosive consumption was decreased 5%~10% with saving cost in total and good economics.