1-3型高介电聚合物基复合材料的制备与性能

摘要

Generally, ceramic materialswithhigh dielectric constant are added into polymer matrix toimprovethe dielectric propertiesof composites. One-dimensionalPLZT nanofibers, prepared by electrospinning and then coated by dopamine, were added into PVDF matrix, forming 1-3 type composites (Dopa@PLZTs-PVDF). The SEMresults show a good combination of PLZTs and PVDF matrix. Therelativedielectric constant is 14 at 100 Hz for 8.6%(volume fraction) samples, 65% higher than that of PVDF matrix. The maximal energy density is 0.4 J/cm3for 1.7%(volume fraction) samples, 10% higher than that of PVDF matrix. Proper content of PLZTs contributes to composite flexibility and cost reduction. The results demonstrate that one-dimensionalceramic fillers with low content, can enhance the dielectric constant of composites obviously.%将高介电常数的陶瓷作为填料加入聚合物中，是提高聚合物介电常数的主要途径之一。为了降低陶瓷添加量，用静电纺丝法制了Pb0.98La0.02(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3(PLZT)一维纳米纤维，并对其进行多巴胺表面改性，添加到高介电常数的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）基体中，形成1-3型复合材料(Dopa@PLZTs-PVDF)。SEM结果显示复合材料内部较均匀，无明显孔洞。该体系在较低填料含量（体积分数8.6%）时相对介电常数可达14，比PVDF基体（8.5）提高65%，同时介电损耗略微降低，有助于保持柔性和降低成本。该体系的击穿场强下降较快，体积分数1.7%样品的储能密度最大（0.4 J/cm3），比PVDF基体（0.34 J/cm3）提高了10%。