针对传统配电网对电动汽车高渗透率的应对方案进行了研究.分析、对比并评价了峰谷电价调节方案、电动汽车和电网之间交互(V2G)方案和换电池方案,结果表明换电池方案具有明显的技术经济优势.同时认为微电网是实现换电站低碳、绿色、高效运行的一种有效方式,提出了一种以运行成本最低为目标,以功率平衡、电池管理、安装容量为约束的微电网型换电站中各分布式电源的最优规划模型.最后,利用一个数值算例验证了所提模型的有效性.%The responsive schemes of distribution network to the high penetration of electric vehicles are investigated. Three schemes are analyzed, compared and evaluated, i.e. peak-valley price regulation, V2G (Vehicle to Grid) and battery swap. Results show that,the battery swap scheme has obvious technical and economic advantages. The microgrid is considered as the best way to realize the green operation of battery swap stations with low emission and high efficiency. An optimal planning model is presented for the distribution of power sources in the microgrid for battery swap stations, which takes the minimal operating cost as its objective and the power balance,battery management and installation capacity as its constraints. A numerical case study verifies its effectiveness and validity.
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