三段Halbach磁铁阵列永磁同步电机铁心的优化设计

摘要

Halbach magnet array and concentrated fractional-slot winding can enhance the output torque,and reduce the ripple torque of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) to meet the demands of servo system for rapid response and high precision.However,the iron core needs to be redesigned.By the theory of Halbach,it established a PMSM model with three-segment Halbach magnet array,and analyzed the characteristics of air gap magnetic field to reduce the effects of the harmonic air-gap field and harmonic slot electromotive torque.The structural characteristics of the motor core were analyzed,and multiple critical dimensions for design variables were determined.A double layer optimization model was developed to maximize the electromagnetic torque and minimize the torque ripples.The finite element method was employed to calculate the magnetic field and the Taguchi method to simplify the design process.Finally,a multi-variable and multi-objective optimization process was implemented for design optimization of a servo motor with eight-poles and nine-slots.%Halbach磁铁阵列和集中绕组的分数槽绕组应用于永磁同步电机可提高输出转矩并降低转矩波动,满足伺服系统快速性和高精确度的要求,但需要对电机铁心进行再设计.依据Halbach磁铁阵列的理论建立了每极三段Halbach磁铁阵列永磁同步电机磁场的模型,并分析了气隙磁场特点,提出采用集中绕组的分数槽绕组削弱齿谐波.分析电机铁心的结构特点,确定多个关键尺寸为设计变量,以一定电流的最大转矩平均值和最小转矩波动为主要优化目标,采用Taguchi方法简化优化设计的计算,并建立了双层的优化模型.以一台8极9槽的伺服电动机为例,采用有限元计算,阐述了每极三段Halbach磁铁阵列永磁电机多变量、多目标的优化过程.