部分遮挡条件下光伏组件的建模与仿真研究

摘要

When PV modules are partially shaded, the output voltage-current curve is in ladder shape, and the output voltage-power curve contains several local maximum power points. The existent mathematical model of a PV cell and the traditional MPPT algorithm will not work in this instance. The mathematical model which work well under partially shaded conditions was proposed. We also research its model in Matlab. The change of I- V characteristic, P- V characteristic and output capacities of the series PV modules under partially shaded conditions were analyzed. The traditional centralized PV system was improved. Finally,a generation controlled circuit which enables the maximum power to be obtained from all of the PV modules under partially shaded conditions was introduced.%当光伏组件被部分遮挡时,输出的伏安特性曲线呈阶梯状,功率电压特性曲线会产生多个局部峰值点,在此情况下,现有的单体光伏电池数学模型和传统的单峰最大功率点跟踪算法都不再适用.研究和建立了适用于部分遮挡情况下串联光伏组件的数学模型,并通过Matlab软件对其进行仿真研究,分析了光伏组件在部分遮挡时Ⅰ-Ⅴ,P-Ⅴ特性曲线及输出能力的变化,对传统的集中式光伏系统进行了改进,最后介绍了一种可以使串联光伏组件部分遮挡时输出最大功率的发电控制电路并对其进行仿真.