Currently, ecological protection red line is a new study topic in environmental field, and how to designated ecological red line is a problem to be solved urgently. In this study, we should explore the methods to designate ecologic red line which have high water conservation ability, based on remote sensing date, meteorological data and solar radiation date, etc, combined with GIS technology, and the regional water balance method. The results indicate that: The water conservation quantities in Sichuan region distributed unevenly, it is varying 5.38 and 1187.29 mm. The water conservation quantities is highest in Sichuan Basin, which is up to 200 mm, followed by mountain areas in the southwest Sichuan and mountain areas surrounding the Sichuan Basin. In this region, the water conservation quantities is varying 100 and 200 mm. the alpine plateau in Northwest Sichuan have the lowest water conservation quantities, which is below 100 mm. According to differences of water conservation function, the Sichuan province have be separated into five major ecological function region (important, Slightly important, moderately important, highly important, very important ecological function region). The area of important and slightly important ecological function region is about 298911 square kilometres, accounting for 61.63% of total land area of Sichuan. The area of moderately important function region is about 95992 square kilometres, accounting for 19.79% of total land area of Sichuan. The highly important and very important function region is about 90107 square kilometres, accounting for 18.57% of total land area of Sichuan. The ecological red line area in Sichuan province mainly distribute over the eastern Ya'an, southwesten Meishan and northwesten Leshan. The area of ecological red line is about 6715 square kilometres, accounting for 1.38% of total land area of Sichuan. The water conservation quantities in this red line area reach up to 250 mm. Survey results further show that ecological red line areas hold rich water resources and distribute in many water source protection areas. Our results suggest that the ecological red line designated in this study have an important ecological function of water conservation, and the research method for designating ecological red line is worthy of reference. The research results are of great importance for designating ecological protection red line in other regions of our country.%生态红线是2011年首次被提出的全新概念,如何科学划定区域生态红线是一个亟待探讨解决的新课题.该研究以四川省为调查对象,采用多源遥感数据、气象站点数据以及太阳辐射站点等数据,综合运用GIS技术、区域水量平衡法等研究手段,从水源涵养功能价值的角度探讨生态红线的划定方法.结果表明:四川省水源涵养量在5.38~1187.29 mm之间,各地区分布差异显著.四川盆地水源涵养量最高,平均达200 mm以上;川西南山区和四川盆周山区次之,其值在100~200 mm之间;川西北高山高原地区最低,水源涵养量普遍低于100 mm.根据四川省各地水源涵养功能价值差异,将其划分为5个等级生态功能区,即一般重要、轻度重要、中度重要、高度重要和极重要功能区.其中,一般重要和轻度重要功能区的水源涵养量低于150 mm,生态价值不高,面积总和298911 km2,占四川省总面积61.63%;中度重要功能区面积95992 km2,占四川省总面积19.79%,该功能区水源涵养量为150~200 mm,生态价值一般;高度重要和极重要功能区的水源涵养量高于200 mm,生态价值较高,面积总计90107 km2,占四川省总面积18.57%.四川生态红线区水源涵养量达250 mm以上,总面积6715 km2,占四川国土总面积1.38%,集中分布于四川盆地的雅安市东部、眉山市西南部和乐山市西北部地区.实地调查显示,该研究划定的生态红线区内不仅水源涵养量丰富,而且水源保护区和水源补给区分布众多,属四川水源涵养极重要的生态功能区.该研究提出的水源涵养生态红线划定方法具有一定的参考价值,研究成果对于中国其他地区生态保护红线的划定工作具有借鉴意义.
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