School of Mathematics;
Tonghua Normal University;
Tonghua;
134000;
China;
School of Computer Science and Technology;
Hunan University of Technology and Business;
Changsha;
410205;
China;
School of Bioinformatics;
University of Minnesota;
Twin Cities;
USA;
Time window; tabu search; scatter search; vehicle routing problem with soft time windows(VRPSTW).;