Department of Internal Medicine;
Depati Hamzah General Hospital;
Pangkalpinang 33684;
Indonesia;
School of Medicine and Public Health;
University of Sydney;
Sydney 2006;
Australia;
Faculty of Medicine;
Public Health;
and Nursing;
Universitas Gadjah Mada;
Yogyakarta 55281;
Indonesia;
Hepatobiliary Division;
Department of Internal Medicine;
Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia;
Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital;
Jakarta 10430;
Indonesia;
Carvedilol; Liver; cirrhosis; Variceal; hemorrhage; Portal; hypertension; Prophylaxis;