目的对ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎危险因素以及病原学结果进行分析探讨，为今后的临床预防工作提供可靠的参考依据。方法随机抽取2006年1月-2012年12月佛山市南海区罗村医院收治的ICU机械通气临床患者病例50例，对其展开呼吸机相关肺炎病原菌检测，并总结分析诱发呼吸机相关肺炎的危险因素。结果本组50例患者中检出呼吸机相关肺炎阳性者17例，发生率34.00%；随着机械通气时间的延长，发生率不断增加（P＜0.05）；经痰液病原菌检测共检出菌株32株，其中革兰阴性杆菌占59.38%，其次为革兰阳性杆菌和真菌，分别占31.25%和9.37%。结论对呼吸机相关肺炎的发病率产生影响的主要危险因素为机械通气时间的长短，临床应给予注意；及时对患者展开痰液细菌培养，并针对培养结果采取有针对性的预防措施，降低呼吸机相关肺炎的发病率。%Objective To ventilator-associated pneumonia risk factors and etiological results were analyzed, providing a reliable basis for the clinical prevention work in the future.Methods Randomly selected from January 2010 to December 2012 admitted to our hospital for mechanical ventilation in ICU patients 50 cases,ventilator associated pneumonia on the detection, and analysis of risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Results The 50 patients,17 cases of ventilator associated pneumonia were detected, the occurrence rate was 34%;with the prolonged ventilation,increasing incidence (P<0.05 );detection of pathogens were detected by sputum of 32 strains, which accounted for 59.38%of Gram-negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria and fungi,accounted for 31.25%and 9.37%respectively.Conclusion The main risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia rate inlfuence factor for the mechanical ventilation time,clinical attention should be given to patients in a timely manner;sputum bacterial culture,and the culture results of speciifc preventive measures, to reduce the rate of VAP.
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