基于博弈论的ALM协议改进算法

摘要

应用层组播(application layer multicast,ALM)经多年发展,在理论研究方面和工程实现方面均取得了不错成绩,但目前针对组播中用户自私性问题的研究仍有欠缺,而自私行为对传输的稳定性及效率均有恶劣影响,因而迫切需要制定一个合理的ALM协议来解决用户自私性问题.通过将博弈论的思想引入到组播研究中,提出了带有市场机制的组播数据传输算法,通过考虑带宽、时延、节点资源拥有量、节点存在时间、跳数、贡献值等六个参数和分段式的传输方式来解决应用层组播中的用户自私性问题.通过仿真实验以控制开销、传输效率和协议稳定性三个定向指标为考量因素,验证了该思想的可行性.该算法以增加控制开销为代价,提升了协议的传输效率和稳定性.%After years of development,application layer multicast (ALM) has made many achievements in both theory and engineering implementation,but the research on multicast user selfishness still has much work to do,which has a bad influence on the stability and ef-ficiency of transmission.Therefore,it is necessary to create a reasonable ALM protocol to solve the problem of user selfishness.For this, we propose a multicast data transmission algorithm with the market mechanism through the introduction of the game theory to sole the problem of user selfishness in ALM with the consideration of six parameters including bandwidth,delay,node resource ownership,node existence time,hop and contribution value and sectional transmission mode.The feasibility of the thought is verified by the simulation based on the three factors of control overhead,transmission efficiency and protocol stability.The algorithm improves the efficiency and stability of the protocol at the expense of increasing control overhead.