兰州中川机场周围地形和建筑物对风场的影响研究

摘要

兰州中川机场作为西北地区的大型机场,同时也是风切变等影响飞机起降不可控因素的多发机场,受典型的西北地区复杂地形和附近迅速发展的兰州新区建筑群影响,其周边风场情况的复杂性不容小视.选取中川机场跑道附近6km*6km范围区域建立地形的数字高程模型,并考虑到现有建筑群存在的影响,通过FLUENT软件进行数值模拟求解,迭代计算得到模拟区域风场的风速和压力等分布特征,利用在跑道两端做垂直切面的方法重点分析了地形和建筑物给风场带来的局部扰动影响.分析结果对复杂地形和建筑物共存的风场研究以及诱发低空风切变形成因素等问题有重要的参考价值.%As a large airport in the northwest region of China,Lanzhou Zhongchuan Airport suffers a lot of uncontrollable fac?tors such as wind shears which affect take-off and landing of aircraft.Combined with the typical complex terrain of the northwest re?gion and the rapid development of the Lanzhou New Area buildings nearby,the complexity of the surrounding wind field cannot be ignored.The terrain-based digital elevation model is established in the selected 6km *6km range near the runway of Zhongchuan Airport,considering the influence of the existing buildings.The wind field,s speed and pressure distribution characteristics are de?rived from the simulation results and iterative calculation by the software FLUENT.Then a vertical sections operation is applied to analyze the local disturbance brought about by the wind field changes at both ends of runway caused by topography and buildings. The analysis results are of great reference value for wind field research around buildings over complicated terrain and factors induc?ing the formation of low-level wind shear.