电去离子过程中的阴膜降解及其对水解离的影响

摘要

电去离子(EDI)及其衍生过程近年来在脱盐、离子浓缩和化工产品的新颖制备等领域日渐重要,但在离子交换膜“膜-液”界面的水解离这一核心机理研究方面仍有诸多不足.对EDI过程中阴离子交换膜的降解及其对水解离的影响进行了实验研究和总结分析.首先通过对阴离子交换膜的选择透过率、交换容量和电导率的测定,以及红外光谱分析确认了EDI过程中存在季铵型强碱性阴离子膜的部分叔胺化降解行为.进一步通过对EDI过程特征曲线等过程宏观特性的对比研究,证明了季铵型阴离子交换膜的降解对阴离子交换膜“膜-液”界面层的水解离具有催化效应.为EDI过程的进一步优化设计,实现具有可控水解离的电驱动膜过程奠定了良好基础.%In recent years, the electrodeionization (EDI) and some integrated processes derived from EDI play important roles in some fields such as desalination, ion concentrating and chemical synthesis, but it is still needed to explore the mechanism of water decomposition at the membrane-liquid interface of ion-exchange membranes. In this study, the degradation of anion exchange membrane in EDI process and its effects on water decomposition were examined and analyzed through experiments. The phenomenon of partial degradation of the anion exchange membrane from quarternary ammonium to tertiary amine is confirmed through the tests for permselectivity, exchange capacity, conductivity and infrared spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, based on the investigation on the characteristic curves of the EDI process, it is validated that the weakly basic tertiary amine group has a catalytic effect on the water decomposition at the membrane-solution interface of the anion exchange membrane. The results are helpful for the design and improvement of the EDI and EDI-based electro-membrane processes, so that the water decomposition can be well controlled to achieve some specific separation.