目的：了解 HIV 感染者／AIDS 患者创伤后应激障碍发生状况及影响因素，为制订相应的干预措施和治疗方法提供参考。方法于2014年12月至2015年3月对随州地区的 HIV 感染者／AIDS 患者进行调查，使用自行设计的问卷及创伤后应激障碍筛查量表进行匿名调查，并采用描述性分析和多因素非条件 Logistic 回归进行统计学分析。结果研究共纳入243例HIV 感染者／AIDS 患者，其中106例符合创伤后应激障碍阳性诊断标准，阳性率为43．62％，男女阳性率分别为37．88％和50．45％；在创伤后应激障碍的三大特征性症状中，以再体验症状阳性率最高（78．60％），其次为高度警觉症状（64．20％），而回避与情感麻木的阳性率最低（57．20％）。多因素分析结果发现，女性发生创伤后应激障碍的易感性高于男性（OR ＝1．960，95％ CI ：1．025～3．747），经历过歧视或不公平待遇者更容易出现创伤后应激障碍（OR ＝2．967，95％ CI ：1．498～5．876），而创伤后应激障碍阳性率随紧张恐惧发生频率的增加而增大（偶尔有：OR ＝2．074，95％ CI ：1．008～4．265；经常有：OR ＝6．690，95％ CI ：2．708～16．531）。结论 HIV 感染者／AIDS 患者的创伤后应激障碍阳性率较高，特别是女性、有紧张恐惧情绪以及经历过歧视或不公平待遇者的发生风险更大。%Objective To investigate the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its influence factors among people living with HIV /AIDS (PLWHA) ,and provide evidence for developing relevant interventions and treatment methods .Methods Anony-mously completed questionnaires ,including self-designed questionnaire and the post-traumatic checklist civilian version (PCL-C) , were received from PLWHA in Suizhou from December 2014 to March 2015 .Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis were used to examine factors associated with PTSD .Results Among 243 qualified PLWHA ,106 of them were positive with PTSD (43 .62% ) ,and the prevalence of PTSD among male and female were 37 .88% and 50 .45% ,respectively .Among the three characteristic symptoms ,repeated flashback was the highest (78 .60% ) ,then hyper-vigilance (64 .20% ) ,and the positive rate of avoidance/numbness was the lowest (57 .20% ) .Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female was more suscepti-ble to PTSD than male (OR = 1 .960 ,95% CI :1 .025 - 3 .747) ,discrimination or unfair treatment would increase the risk of PTSD (OR= 2 .967 ,95% CI :1 .498 - 5 .876) ,and the frequency of fear/tension was positive correlated with PTSD (occasionally OR =2 .074 ,95% CI :1 .008 - 4 .265 ;always OR = 6 .690 ,95% CI :2 .708 - 16 .531) .Conclusion PLWHA had a high level of PTSD ,and fe-male PLWHA and those who felt fear/tension or experienced discrimination/unfair treatment were more likely to suffer from PTSD .
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