目的：探讨不同听力补偿方式（助听器和人工耳蜗）、年龄及干预时间（首次康复训练时间、康复训练总时间）对听障儿童听觉语言康复效果的影响。方法参照听障儿童听力语言能力评估方法框架，对评估项目进行调整后自编测试问卷，对41名4～7.5岁听障儿童的听觉、语言能力进行评估。结果①配戴助听器儿童的主题对话能力显著高于人工耳蜗植入儿童，其它能力相当；②首次康复训练年龄2岁及以下听障儿童的康复评估总分、听觉评估、语音清晰度、语言理解能力、语言表达能力及交往能力得分均显著优于首训年龄2岁以上的听障儿童。③康复时长3年及以上与3年以下的听障儿童康复评估总分及分项得分不存在显著差异。④6岁以下听障儿童的康复评估总分、听觉评估、看图说话得分显著优于6岁及以上听障儿童。结论首次康复训练年龄对听障儿童的康复效果影响显著；不同听力补偿方式的康复效果在听觉语言总分上差异不显著，说明只要制订适合听障儿童的康复方案，配戴助听器和植入人工耳蜗都能起到良好的康复效果。%Objective To explore the influence of different hearing devices (cochlear implants or hearing aids), age and intervention time(total time and the first rehabilitation time) on the hearing and speech rehabilitation outcomes of children with hearing impairment.Methods The hearing and speech assessment methods for hearing-impaired children were used to evaluate the auditory and speech abilities of 41 children from 4 to 7.5 years old.Results (1) The theme dialogue score of children with hearing aids was significantly higher than that of children with cochlear implants, but no significant difference was observed in the other scores. (2) The total score, auditory score, speech intelligibility, language comprehension, language expression and communication skills of children who received rehabilitation training before 2 years old were significantly higher than those who received training after 2 years old. (3)There was no significant difference in the total score and subitem scores between children who received training more than 3 years and those less than 3 years. (4)The total score, auditory score and picture description score of children under 6 years old were significantly higher than those over 6 years old.Conclusion The first rehabilitation age has a significant influence on the rehabilitation outcomes of hearing-impaired children. There was no significant difference in the total score between children with hearing aids and those with cochlear implants, which indicates that either device can produce good results as long as it is appropriate for the child.
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