目的：系统评价减压装置用于重症患者预防压疮的效果，为选择和使用减压装置提供循证实践依据。方法：检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Web of science、Springer、EMbase和中文生物医学文献数据库，将初检文献进行归类、整理、去重，排除不符合纳入标准的文献，获取原文并深入阅读，提取和分析资料，对纳入研究的文献质量进行评价，确定研究结果的证据强度和推荐等级。结果：纳入来自4个国家的合格文献5篇，研究对象共716例，文献质量评价结果为B级，其中2篇为随机对照研究、3篇为非随机对照研究，干预组采用6种不同类型减压装置，对照组采用5种不同类型减压装置，结果显示干预组重症患者的压疮发生率较低、压疮分期较轻。结论：不同类型减压装置在预防重症患者压疮中均有一定作用，临床选择使用时须考虑资源可获得性并与患者意愿相结合。%Objective: To systematically evaluate pressure uncler prevention effect of pressure-relief devices for critical patients, and to provide evidence-based references for choosing and using pressure-relief devices. Method: We searched related Chinese and English database, used software to classify, to exclude repeated data, and to eliminate the literatures not meeting the including criteria, read the including articles carefully, extracted and analyzed the data, evaluated research quality to make sure the evidence strength and recommendation level of results. Results: Five articles , including two Randomized Control Trails (RCTs), three non-randomized control trails were recruited in this study from 4 countries and we totally got 716 patients. The methodology quality of ifve articles were grade B. The six different dynamic alternating air pressure-relieving devices in intervention group can reduce incidence and stage of pressure ulcer for critical patients and were recommended to use. Conclusion: The different pressure-relieving devices played some roles in prevention pressure ulcers for critical care patients, the clinician should think about the available resource and the patients' desire and relative evidence when choosing and using pressure-relieving mattresses.
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