介绍了无创采集的胎儿心电信号的主要特点,总结归纳了自适应滤波法、独立成分分析、人工神经网络、小波变换法、贝叶斯滤波法等5种无创胎儿心电信号提取算法及其相关改进算法的基本原理及研究现状,分析了5种算法各自的导联方式及其优缺点.指出了未来胎儿心电信号提取应考虑到多胞胎的问题,在提高算法实时性和精确性的前提下,研究便携式胎心监护设备,从而使胎儿心电监护走向个人化和家庭化.%The main characteristics were introduced for the fetal electrocardiogram by noninvasive collection. The basic principles and the research status were summarized of five algorithms and their related improvement algorithms for noninvasive fetal ECG signal extraction.The mode of electrodes,advantages and disadvantages were analyzed for kinds of algorithms.It's pointed out that multiple births should be taken into account for fetal ECG signals extraction in the future.The portable fetal cardiac monitoring device should be studied in case the real-time and accuracy of algorithms can be improved, making the baby's electrical monitoring to be personalized and family-friendly. [Chinese Medical Equipment Journal, 2018,39(5):97-102]
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