新生儿眼病筛查结果及策略临床分析

摘要

目的 通过对温岭当地新生儿眼病的筛查,来探讨该地新生儿眼病的流行病学特点及主要相关危险因素,并分析结果探索出适合该地的新生儿眼病的最佳筛查原则.方法 选取温州医科大学附属温岭医院自2015年1至12月期间出生的新生儿5500例,进行光刺激反应、红球反应、外眼检查、视动性眼震、红光反射等眼科学检查.结果 5500例新生儿中共检查出1006例眼睛异常患儿,占总数的18.29%,在早产儿组中,先天性和后天性眼病的发病率分别为10.80%、31.80%,均显著高于足月儿组的先天性和后天性眼病的发病率(4.34%、11.72%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=10.95、15.67,均P<0.05).结论 各种原因所引起的先天性或后天性眼病在新生儿中患病率并不低,对于可控、可早期治疗的眼病应该做到早期筛查,早期预防,减少对患儿及家庭的伤害.%Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal eye disease and the main related risk factors through screening of eye disease in newborns in Weiling and to explore the most suitable eye disease screening principle for local newborns through result analysis.Methods From January to December in 2015, 5500 cases of newborns delivered in Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College were selected to undergo the following ophthalmology examinations: light stimulation reaction, red ball reaction, examination of external eye, optokinetic nystagmus, red reflex, etc.Results Among 5500 cases of newborns, altogether 1006 cases had abnormal eyes, accounting for 18.29%.The incidence of congenital and acquired eye disease in premature infant group was 10.80%and 31.8%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in full-term infant group (4.34%, 11.72%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 value was 10.95 and 15.67, respectively, both P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of congenital or acquired eye disease is not low in newborns.Early screening of controllable and treatable eye disease can make early prevention and reduce the harm to children and families.