婴儿全身运动质量评估的神经学基础及其临床应用

摘要

General movements(GMs)are spontaneous movements of fetus and young infant in which all parts of the body participate.The characteristics of typical GMs are movement complexity,variation and fluency.The neurological basis of GMs is the interaction of cortical subplate and cortical-subcortical networks.Evaluation of GMs of pre-term,term and under 5-month infants with visual Gestalt feeling not only can predict neural developmental outcomes especially cerebral palsy,but predict cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders in school-aged children.GMs is also related to autism spectrum disorders,typical Rett syndrome,inherited metabolic diseases as well as children's language development.GMs assessment is a useful tool for evaluating and predicting neural development in infants.%全身运动(GMs)是一种全身各部分均参与的自发运动.典型的GM s具有复杂性、多变性和流畅性的特征,GMs产生的神经学基础是暂时性皮质板下层及皮质板网络结构的相互作用.遵循视觉Gestalt知觉理论对处于早产阶段、足月阶段以及足月后5个月内婴儿的GMs质量进行评估,不仅可以超早期地预测早产儿和小婴儿的神经发育结局,特别是脑性瘫痪,而且可以预测学龄期儿童的认知、行为损害;GMs还与儿童发育障碍性疾病孤独症、Rett综合征、遗传代谢病及儿童语言发育相关.GMs质量评估是一种实用的评估、预测婴儿神经发育结局的工具.