夏季高温对15个苦瓜杂交组合(品系)产量及其构成性状的影响

摘要

为了研究夏季高温对苦瓜的影响,以苦瓜15个杂交组合(品系)为材料,在夏季自然高温条件下栽培,并以秋季栽培为对照,对各杂交组合(品系)的产量、商品果数、商品率、平均单果质量及各指标的变化率进行统计分析.结果显示,夏季高温导致所有苦瓜杂交组合(品系)的小区产量、商品率均明显降低,商品果数明显减少;除了杂交组合29×62、9808×68、62×68和品系47外,其余杂交组合的平均单果质量均低于秋季,从而导致苦瓜减产.此结果表明产量、商品果数和平均单果质量的变化率可能可作为苦瓜成株期耐热与否的鉴定指标,但还需结合田间生长势、绝对产量和品质性状等因素进行综合评价.%To study the effect of high temperature in summer on bitter gourd, the research was carried out by statistical analysis of yield, the number of merchantable fruit, commodity rate, per fruit weight and the change rate of each index using 15 cross combinations and strains. The results showed that the high temperature in summer could reduce yield, the number of merchantable fruit and commodity rate in all cross combinations and strains. Except 29×62, 9808×68, 62×68 and 47, per fruit weight reduced in the rest of cross combinations. The main reasons for yield decrease resulted from high temperature in summer included the decrease of the number of merchantable fruit, the reduction of commodity rate and per fruit weight. The change rate of yield, the number of merchantable fruit and per fruit weight under high temperature could be used as identification indices for heat resistant in bitter gourd at the adult stage. But it would be combined with growth vigor, yield and quality characters to comprehensive evaluation.