味精废液对花生产量、品质和土壤酶活性的影响

摘要

在大田条件下,研究施用味精废液对花生产量、品质及土壤酶活性的影响.研究结果表明:施用味精废液225 kg/hm2时,花生荚果产量和营养器官生物量分别提高11.81％和25.23％,花生蛋白质和粗脂肪分别提高9.07％和8.18％；在用量为300 kg/hm2时百粒重提高5.04％.用量为150 kg/hm2时,花生结实期根系活力较对照提高47.22％；用量为225 kg/hm2时,花生叶片游离氨基酸提高37.27％,可溶性蛋白含量提高13.62％,差异均达显著水平;而硝酸还原酶活性提高9.45％,但差异不显著.施用味精废液对叶绿素和叶片可溶性糖含量的影响较小.用量为225 kg/hm2时,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性分别提高28.18％、47.06％,差异达显著水平；而酸性磷酸酶在用量为150 kg/hm2时达最大值,较对照提高9.84％,差异不显著.施用味精废液能够显著提高花生营养器官对N和K的累积,提高荚果对N的累积.说明在花生上施用味精废液能够促进养分的累积,具有较好增产提质效果;同时能够改善土壤生物环境,具有较好的开发利用前景.%A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of monosodium glutamate wastewater on the yield and quality of peanut and soil enzyme activities. The results showed that the peanut pods and vegetative organs biomass production was increased by 11.81% and 25.23% by applying 225 kg/hm2 glutamate wastewater, respectively. Protein and coarse fat was increased by 9.08% and 8.18%, respectively. 100-grain weight of peanut was increased by 5.04% by applying 300 kg/hm* glutamate wastewater. While, during the grain-filling period, the root activity was increased by 47.22% by applying 150 kg/hm2 glutamate wastewater, with application 225 kg/hm2 glutamate wastewater, free amino acid and soluble protein was significantly increased by 37.27% and 13.62%, respectively, nitrate reductase activity of leaf was also increase by 9.45%. However, there was no significant effect on the chlorophyll and soluble sugar content of leaves by applying glutamate wastewater in this test. Also, the soil enzyme activities of urease, sucrase was significantly increased by 28.18% and 47.06% by applying 225 kg/hm2 glutamate wastewater, respectively, Acidic phosphatase was increased by 9.84% by applying 150 kg/hm2 glutamate wastewater. Application of monosodium glutamate wastewater could help peanut vegetative organs to accumulate N and K and to accumulate N in the pods. It was suggested that the application of monosodium glutamate wastewater could improve the yield and quality of peanut, also improve soil biological environment, and had a good development and utilization prospect.