野生大戟科绿肥的有机肥品质评价

摘要

Euphorbiaceae is an important resource of green manures in the tropics and subtropics. Fifty-three germplasms of Euphobiaeeae green manures collected in various localities from Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan provinces were determined in terms of content of crude organic matter and mineral nutrients, and their organic manure quality was evaluated based on the analysis of the mineral elements content. The results indicated that the Euphobiaeeae plant germplasms of 53 contained higher crude organic matter, and the average content was 89.2%, varied little, while the macro nutrients content varied substantially. Their nitrogen content ranged from 8.2 g/kg to 47.8 g/kg(the mean, 23.2 g/kg), the phosphorus content from 2.9 g/kg to 26.6 g/kg(the mean, 11.5 g/kg), the potassium content from 4.6 g/kg to 41.1 g/kg(the mean, 15.3 g/kg), the calcium content from 2.8 g/kg to 30.9 g/kg(the mean, 16.1 g/kg), the magnesium content from 1.1 g/kg to 8.0 g/kg (the mean, 3.5 g/kg), the sulfur content from 1.0 g/kg to 7.5 g/kg (the mean, 3.2 g/kg); The micro elements content varied even more greatly than the macro elements content, the mean iron content of all the accessions was 328.4 mg/kg, the mean boron content 26.6 mg/kg, the mean manganese content 313.3 mg/kg, the mean copper content 11.2 mg/kg, the mean zinc content 11.2 mg/kg. the mean molybdenum content 2.56 mg/kg; All the accessions of the Euphorbiaceae plant germplasm had a high quality when used as green manure, and all were categorized into the third or higher grades of green manure, most of which were listed in the second grade organic manure, and a few of which were listed in the third grade organic manure.%大戟科植物是中国热带、亚热带地区重要的绿肥资源.分析53份采于海南、广西、广东、福建、云南等地大戟科绿肥种质的粗有机物与矿质养分含量,并对这些大戟科种质进行了有机肥分级,结果表明:大戟科绿肥的粗有机物含量较高,为89.2％,且变异较小；大量元素含量变异较大,其中含氮量为8.2 ～47.8g/kg(平均为23.2g/kg),含磷量为2.9 ～26.6 g/kg(平均为11.5 g/kg),含钾量为4.6 ～41.1 g/kg(平均为15.3 g/kg),含钙量为2.8～30.9 g/kg(平均为16.1 g/kg),含镁量为1.1～8.0 g/kg(平均为3.5 g/kg),含硫量为1.0～7.5 g/kg(平均为3.2 g/kg)；微量元素含量变异要比大量元素的大,含铁量为平均328.4 mg/kg,含硼量为26.6 mg/kg,含锰量为313.3 mg/kg,含铜量为11.2 mg/kg,含锌量为64.1 mg/kg,含钼量仅为2.56 mg/kg,是含量最低的矿质营养元素.大戟科绿肥的有机肥评价结果表明,均为三级以上有机肥,并且绝大多数为二级有机肥,三级有机肥最少.