基于EST-SSRs的巴西橡胶树魏克汉种质核心种质构建研究

摘要

Hevea brasiliensis clones were mostly originated from 46 clones bred with Wickham germplasm.A Wickham germplasm core collection was established based on the genetic diversity of EST-SSRs and agronomic characters.Twenty-nine resources including 16 from China and 6 from Brazil were included in the collection.Comparison of the entire collection,the corset captured 100％ alleles and rare alleles of the entire collection; the values of gene diversity,heterozygosity and PIC were higher,while the values of major allele frquency and the number of allele were lower.The core collection included rich elite clones,such as high latex yield,cold resistance,fast growth et al.clones.%橡胶树魏克汉种质是目前橡胶树栽培品种的主要来源,主要来源于魏克汉培育46株母树繁殖的后代,亲缘关系较近.通过对289份资源EST-SSRs分析及基于EST-SSRs位点的多样性,结合种质资源来源和特殊农艺性状,构建包含27份种质的橡胶树魏克汉种质核心种质库,占原群体10％,主要来源于中国(16份)和巴西(6份).核心种质库与原群体相比,总等位基因数保持不变,遗传多样性指数、多态信息含量、杂合度等高于原群体,基因型数目和主要等位基因频率较原群体低,较好地代表了原群体的遗传多样性.同时,核心种质农艺较为丰富,包含了高产、速生、抗寒等种质.