转植酸酶玉米安全性评价研究进展

摘要

玉米种子含有丰富的磷,但大部分磷以植酸磷的形式存在,难以被猪和禽类等单胃动物利用.转植酸酶基因玉米是中国唯一获得安全证书的转基因玉米,含有高浓度的植酸酶,能够提高动物对植酸磷的利用率;减少排泄物对环境的污染,具有商业化种植前景.转基因作物需要进行必要的安全评价.本文综述了近年来转植酸酶基因玉米安全性评价研究,主要包括转植酸酶基因和目标蛋自的检测、食用安全性评价、环境安全评价及非预期影响的研究,并对转植酸酶基因玉米应用及安全评价体系的发展作了展望.%Maize is one of the most important feed crops in China and it is rich in phosphorus.However,most phosphorus is trapped in phytate phosphorus and which is difficult to be used by animals such as pigs and poultry.Phytase transgenic maize contains high concentration of phytase and can increase the phosphate uptake of animals,which is the only transgenic maize that has been officially issued with a biosafety certificate in China and has great potential in the animal feed industry.Genetically modified crops should carry out safety evaluation before commercial application.In this article,we mainly reviewed the safety evaluation of phytase transgenic maize in recent years,including phytase gene and protein detection,food safety evaluation,environmental safety evaluation,and unintended effects.The application of phytase transgenic maize and the development of safety evaluation system were also discussed.