背景:壳聚糖以广泛的生物来源、简单的制备工艺及优良的生物相容性成为软骨修复材料的研究热点之一.目的:围绕壳聚糖类复合水凝胶的特点及在软骨修复中的应用展开综述.方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库和CNKI数据库, 中文关键词为"壳聚糖, 壳聚糖水凝胶, 软骨修复, 组织工程", 英文检索词为"chitosan;chitosan Hydrogels;Cartilage repair;tissue engineering", 检索2000年1月至2018年3月发表的文献, 将所有文章进行初步筛选后, 对保留的文章进一步详细分析、归纳并总结.结果与结论:壳聚糖具有良好的生物相容性、低毒性、低免疫原性, 在不同的物理或化学的改良下可负载多种生长因子、种子细胞, 在组织工程软骨修复中取得了令人可喜的进展.随着科技的进步及对软骨及软骨下骨组织结构的了解, 壳聚糖仿生水凝胶拓宽了壳聚糖的应用范围.但随着研究的进一步推进, 壳聚糖在体内修复的分子机制、降解过程仍然存在很多争议, 需要广大学者进一步的研究与探索.%BACKGROUND: Chitosan has become a research hotspot of cartilage repair materials because of a wide range of biological sources, simple preparation processes and excellent biocompatibility. OBJECTIVE: To review the characteristics of chitosan hydrogels and their application in cartilage repair. METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by computer with the keywords of "chitosan; chitosan hydrogel; cartilage repair; tissue engineering" in English and Chinese, respectively. The time range was from January 2000 to March 2018. After initial screening, the retained articles were further analyzed, concluded and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chitosan has good biocompatibility, low toxicity, low immunogenicity, and can load multiple growth factors and seed cells with different physical or chemical improvements. Encouraging progress in tissue engineering cartilage repair has been achieved. With the development of technology and the understanding of cartilage and subchondral bone structure, the application range of chitosan biomimetic hydrogel has been broadened. However, the molecular mechanism and degradation process of chitosan in vivo still have a lot of controversies, and further research and exploration are needed.
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