BACKGROUND: In the process of bone defect repair, as their respective shortcomings, both autograft and al ograft cannot obtain satisfactory outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of soft composite materials for bone regeneration established in vitro in skul defect repair. METHODS: Soft composite materials for bone regeneration (bone morphogenetic protein 7-derived polypeptide, chitosan, nano hydroxyapatite and col agen) were established in vitro. Twenty-four Sprague-Dwley rats were enrol ed to prepare skul defect models, and were randomly equivalently divided into two groups. The rats were repaired with chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite/col agen composite materials as control group, and those repaired with soft composite materials of bone regeneration as experimental group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The soft composite material of bone regeneration exhibited a loose and porous structure and bone morphogenetic protein 7-derived polypeptide was released in a gradual y rising trend. Compared with the control group, bone mineral density of the defect region in the experimental group was higher, which was similar with that of the normal bone tissue, and additional y numerous newborn bones could be found. These results show that the soft bone regeneration composite material exerts a better repair effect in skul defect.%背景：临床进行骨缺损修复的过程中，自体骨和异体骨移植等均存在一定的不足和问题，无法获得理想的治疗效果。目的：观察体外环境下构建的复合软质再生颅骨修复材料修复颅骨缺损的效果。方法：①体外环境下以骨形态发生蛋白7衍生多肽、壳聚糖、纳米羟基磷灰石及胶原制备复合软质再生颅骨修复材料。②取24只 SD 大鼠，随机等分为对照组和实验组，均制备颅骨缺损模型。对照组和实验组分别予以单纯壳聚糖/纳米轻基磷灰石/胶原复合材料和复合软质再生颅骨修复材料修复缺损部位。结果与结论：①构建的复合软质再生颅骨修复材料呈疏松多孔结构，体外环境下骨形态发生蛋白7衍生多肽的释放量呈现出不断上升的趋势。②与对照组相比，实验组大鼠颅骨缺损区骨密度较高，且与正常骨组织十分接近，植入材料发生降解明显，新骨形成面积较大。表明复合软质再生颅骨修复材料修复颅骨缺损效果良好。
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